UTILISATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR LIBRARY OPERATIONS AND SERVICES IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
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- NGN 3000
Background to the Study
Knowledge is required for society, community and individuals to exist, survive and advance so as to cope with the continued challenges of the changing world expectations. This suggests that, efforts should be made by institutions, organizations and systems such as the library responsible for managing information and knowledge to facilitate access, use and re- use of knowledge found to be relevant and appropriate to satisfy the needs of society, community and individuals. Knowledge can be conceived as any type of understanding, experience, perception of something and learning that can be grasped by mind or acquired directly and/or indirectly during the course of an action or inaction. According to Chowdhury (2012), Knowledge is a fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information, expert insight and grounded intuition that provides an environment and framework for evaluating and incorporating new experience and information. Mohammed (2003) viewed ―Knowledge as facts; perspectives; concepts; beliefs; judgments and expectations; methodologies; know-how, and much more, acquired during the course of an action and inaction in our time‖. This can also be seen as a product of man‘s experience. It encompasses the norms by which one evaluates the existing and anticipated inputs from one‘s surroundings. Essentially, Knowledge is abstract; it can be transferred through shared practices or experiences. Some scholars believe that knowledge cannot be shared completely, while some believe that it can be shared but piecemeal. Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) were of the view that, tacit knowledge is hard to access, formalize and difficult to share in the organization but not that it cannot be shared. Despite these issues, librarians create and share knowledge. 2 Basically, tacit knowledge is hidden knowledge buried in the memories of people including librarians. It includes what is learnt from doing, observation, informal information and even gossip. It is more difficult to recognize, collect, codify, store and distribute. This mostly happened when individuals are engaged in conversation, which may not necessarily be organized talk, planned, and with no limit. Awad (2004) supported this above view that ―tacit knowledge is unarticulated and unrecorded. A work group or organization can have tacit knowledge. For a group, tacit knowledge is the shared understanding which underlies practices and behaviour but which is not recorded‖. Examples are: meetings, conversations, answering queries, teleconferencing, workshops, seminars, and so on. On the other hand, explicit knowledge is the knowledge that is articulated or recorded in a way that enables it to be shared or transferred. It may be recorded in reports, books, technical papers, memos, minutes of meetings, databases, photos, videos, audio recordings and so on. The records may be published or unpublished. Kiehl (2004) pointed out that for knowledge to be transferred, they must be made explicit so that they can be communicated. Libraries and librarians are mostly engaged in managing explicit knowledge to satisfy their information needs. It has been observed that the modern economy is progressively developing into knowledge and information based. Knowledge will therefore inevitably serve as the driving force to enhance productivity, economic growth and performance. Thus, the basic questions public and private organizations and enterprises need to find answers to in the view of Mohammed (2013) include: How can the process of knowledge creation, codification and sharing be managed?, How can the initiatives to survive in the knowledge-based economy supported and sustained especially through knowledge management?; How can both the public and private enterprises move and catch up with the present knowledge-based economy? 3 The 21st century has witnessed rapid strides in knowledge and knowledge products which make librarians and information managers to focus their interest on the management of information/knowledge resources for effective and efficient service delivery.
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